NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Industries

Industry Class 8 Questions and Answers Geography Chapter 5

Geography Class 8 Chapter 5 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Trace your shirt’s journey from the cotton field to your wardrobe.
Answer:
First of all, the farmer grows cotton crop in the fields through the process of sowing. The plant grows slowly and flowers emerge from the bud. By breaking these buds, a swollen substance is separated from them. The thread is separated from within the seeds through the process of spinning. This is done either by hand or using a loom. Nowadays modern machines are used in the form of looms. After weaving the cotton cloth, it is sent to wholesalers. It is sent from wholesalers to retailers. We buy this fabric from retailers and give it to the tailor for stitching. The shirt is ready to wear from the tailor. This is how a shirt travels from a cotton field to our wardrobe.

Question 2.
Give some examples of agro-based industries.
Answer:

1. sugar industry,
2. cotton industry,
3. Paper Industry, etc.

Question 3.
Find out the inputs, outputs and processes involved in the manufacturing of leather shoes.
Answer:
Input – Hides, animal skins, etc.
Output – finished goods such as shoes
Processes – scanning, washing, pressing, straightening, etc.

Question 4.
Locate the places on the outline map of India that supply raw materials to TISCO.
Answer:

Question 5.
Locate on the outline map of India the places that provide raw material to Oscar’s cotton textile industry.
Answer:
The main raw material of cotton textile industry is cotton. For Osaka Textile, cotton is imported from India, America and Egypt.

Question 6.
Bangalore has some important public sector and research institutes. Find the full forms of the organizations listed below. BEL, BHEL, HAL, NAL, DRDO, ISRO, ITI, IISc, NCBS and USA.
Answer:
BEL – Bharat Electronics Limited
BHEL – Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited
HAL – Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
NAL – National Aluminum Limited
DRDO – Directorate of Research and Development Organization
ISRO – Indian Space Research Organization
ITI – Industrial Training Institute
IISc – Indian Institute of Science

Question 7.
answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the word ‘industry’?
(ii) What are the main factors affecting the situation of an industry?
(iii) Which industry is often called the backbone of modern industry and why?
(iv) Why did the cotton textile industry expand rapidly in Mumbai?
(v) What are the similarities between the information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Answer:
(i) The term industry refers to an economic activity that is related to the production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.

(ii) The location of industries is influenced by the availability of raw materials, land, labour, water, power, capital transport and market.

(iii) The iron and steel industry is called the backbone of modern industry because it is a ‘feeder’ industry whose products are used as raw materials for other industries.

(iv) Cotton textile industry expanded rapidly in Mumbai due to the presence of favorable climate. The warm and humid climate, a nearby port for shipping, easy availability of raw materials and skilled labor are the factors that helped the expansion of the cotton textile industry in Mumbai.

(v) Following are some of the points of similarity between the information technology industry in Bangalore and California.
(a) Environment: Both Bangalore and California have clean environments with very little pollution.
(b) Educational and technical institutions: Bangalore has the highest number of educational institutions and IT colleges in India. California is also home to some of the world’s most prestigious scientific and technological centers.

Question 8.
tick the correct answer.
(i) Silicon Valley is located
(A) Bangalore
(B) California
(c) Ahmedabad.
Answer:
(B) California

(ii) Which of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
(A) Iron and steel industry
(b) cotton cloth
(c) Information Technology
Answer:
(c) Information Technology

(iii) Which of the following is a national fibre?
(A) Nylon
(b) jute
(c) acrylic
Answer:
(b) jute

Question 9.
Explain the difference between the following:
(i) Agriculture based and mineral based industries.
Answer:

(ii) Public sector and joint sector industries.
Answer:

Question 10.
Give two examples of the following in the space provided.
(i) Raw materials:………… and………….
(ii) Final products:………… and………….
(iii) Tertiary activities: …………… and …………….
(iv) Agro-based industries: …………… and …………….
(v) Cottage Industries:………… and………….
(vi) Co-operative :………… and………….
Answer:
(i) Ore, plant.
(ii) Clothes, car.
(iii) Banking, Insurance.
(iv) Cotton industry, sugar industry.
(v) Basket weaving, pottery making.
(vi) Amul, Sudha Dairy.

Question 11.
action
How to identify location to set up an industry:
Divide your class into groups. Each group has a board of directors charged with the problem of selecting a suitable site for an iron and steel plant on the developed island. A team of technical experts has submitted a report with notes and maps. The team considered access to iron ore, coal, water and limestone, as well as key markets, sources of labor and port facilities. The team has suggested two sites, X and Y. The board of directors has to take the final decision about where to set up the steel plant.

• Read the report submitted by the team.
• Study the map to know the distance of resources from each place.
• Give each resource a ‘weight’ from 1 to 10 according to its importance. The greater the ‘pull’ of the factor on the industry, the greater the weighting from 1 to 10.
• Complete the table on the next page.
• The site with the lowest total should be the most satisfactory site.
• Remember that each group of directors may make different decisions.

report
Factors/resources affecting the location of the proposed iron and steel
Plant trees on the developed island.

• Iron Ore: It has a huge deposit of low grade iron ore. Long distance transportation of ore would be uneconomical.
• Coal: The only coalfield has abundant reserves of high grade coal. Coal is transported by railways, which is relatively cheap.
• Limestone: It is widely available on the island, but the purest reserves are in the Lime Mountains.
• Water: Both tributaries of the Nile carry enough water to supply a large iron and steel plant in all seasons. Sea water is unsuitable due to its high salt content.
• Market: It is expected that the main market for the plant’s products will be the engineering works of Rajdhanipur. Transportation costs for the products—primarily small steel bars and mild steel plates—will be relatively low.
• Labor Supply: This will be recruited mainly from unskilled workers in the 3 fishing villages of Hill, Rah and Sing. It is expected that most workers will commute daily from their current homes.
• Port facilities: These are minimal at present. A good, deep natural harbor has been developed at Paschimpur Port for import of metal alloys.

*The greater the stretch, the greater the load
Answer:

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science